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Understand electrolyte markers in your lab result
Learn how to read electrolyte markers in your blood test result, what high or low flags can mean, and which related markers to check before talking to your doctor.
Reference ranges vary by lab. One result alone cannot diagnose a condition.
Don't guess from one marker alone.
Upload your full blood test PDF and see how these markers fit with the rest of your results, reference ranges and trends.
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- SodiumSerum Sodium
Sodium is the primary electrolyte in blood and fluids outside cells. It regulates fluid balance, blood pressure, and nerve and muscle function.
- PotassiumSerum Potassium
Potassium is the main electrolyte inside cells and is critical for heart rhythm, muscle contraction, and nerve signal transmission.
- ChlorideSerum Chloride
Chloride is a negatively charged electrolyte that works alongside sodium to maintain fluid balance, blood pressure, and acid-base balance.
- BicarbonateSerum Bicarbonate
Bicarbonate is the main buffer in the blood that helps maintain acid-base balance. On a standard chemistry panel, CO₂ represents bicarbonate (not dissolved carbon dioxide gas).
- CalciumSerum Calcium
Calcium is essential for bone and teeth structure, muscle contraction, heart function, nerve signalling, and blood clotting. About 99% of the body's calcium is stored in bones.
- MagnesiumSerum Magnesium
Magnesium participates in over 300 enzymatic reactions and is important for muscle and nerve function, blood sugar regulation, blood pressure, and protein synthesis.
- PhosphorusSerum Phosphorus
Phosphorus (measured as phosphate) is found in bones and teeth alongside calcium and is involved in energy production, cell membranes, and DNA structure.